Ubuntu Setup
Category: /knowledge /linuxTags: linux
System setup
config
setup default editor to vi
sudo update-alternatives --config editor
choose vim.basic
turn off the bell
sudo vi /etc/inputrc
set bell-style none
set bell-style visuble
in .vimrc
set visualbell
or
set noerrorbells
play/copy DVD
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras
sudo /usr/share/doc/libdvdread4/install-css.sh
KDE config
Diable the annoying effect “maximize on top edge”. “System settings/Window Behavior/Screen Edge”, uncheck “Maximize windows by dragging them to the top of the screen”
Commands
Add yourself to be a sudoer
sudo -s
visudo
visudo vi /etc/sudoers
#Note that it could be dangerous as you can anything you want.
yourUserName ALL=(ALL) ALL
#shutdown computer without asking password
situ ALL=NOPASSWD: /usr/sbin/pppd
situ ALL=NOPASSWD: /sbin/shutdown
#mount/umount any storage without asking password
situ ALL= NOPASSWD: /bin/mount,/bin/umount
Choose Your Desktop Manager
vi /etc/sysconfig/desktop
DESKTOP="KDE"
#or DESKTOP="GNOME" as the default value
NFS server/client
UPnP/DLNA server
minidlna is very good a very low resource light weight app
http://sourceforge.net/projects/minidlna/
我选择装了minidlna, 从上面链接下载文件以后, 解压运行
指定目录
media_dir=/home/storage/media
media_dir=/home/media
path/to/minidlna -f $path/to/minidlna.conf
SAMBA
sudo aptitude install samba
sudo smbpasswd -a $USERNAME
sudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf
[media]
path = /home/$USERNAME/your_shared_folder
available = yes
valid users = $USERNAME
read only = no
browsable = yes
public = yes
writable = yes
上面是最简单的设置, 让目录和文件可以从客房端直接读写. 改完配置文件后, 重启SAMBA.
sudo restart smbd
重启后, 在SERVER上测试一下
sudo testparm
Manually mount from client shell
先看一下目录
smbclient -L 192.168.1.8 -U%
以前的版本用smbfs, 后来的用cifs
sudo mount -t cifs 192.168.1.8:/MEMORYCARD /mnt/disk
check your ubuntu version
lsb_release -a
format/boot
To format a usb fdisk
mkfs.vfat -F 32 -n disk_label /dev/sdx1
change the disk lable
sudo e2label /dev/sdb1 your-new-label
install grub2
grub-install --force --no-floppy --root-directory=/media/your_usb_mount /dev/sdx
sample grub.cfg in path/to/your_usb_mount/boot/grub/
set timeout=10
set default=0
menuentry "Kubuntu 10.04 Desktop ISO" {
loopback loop /ubuntu.iso
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz boot=casper iso-scan/filename=/kubuntu-10.04.iso noeject noprompt splash --
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}
menuentry "Memtest 86+" {
linux16 /memtest86+.bin
}
menuentry "SystemRescueCd" {
loopback loop /systemrescuecd.iso
linux (loop)/isolinux/rescuecd isoloop=/systemrescuecd.iso setkmap=us docache dostartx
initrd (loop)/isolinux/initram.igz
}
get hardware info
看硬盘参数
sudo hdparm -i /dev/sdb (or I for more details)
看硬盘型号
find /sys/ -type f -name "model"
看所有硬件列表, 找到你要找的名称, 再去google查spec
lshw
test hard disk read/write speed
sudo hdparm -t /dev/sdb1
for write speed
dd count=1k bs=1M if=/dev/zero of=/media/your_device_folder/test.img
The result of my Sandisk Cruzer USB drive is:
1024+0 records in
1024+0 records out
1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 227.093 s, 4.7 MB/s
Hardware
Jetway mini-top ION2 ———————–
-
setup audio playback device. check version
uname -r; cat /proc/asound/version
alsamixer, F6 to choose different sound cards
List audio device
aplay -l
install alsa modules
sudo aptitude install linux-backports-modules-alsa-2.6.35-24-generic-pae
try sound cards
aplay -Dplughw:0,7 /usr/share/sounds/alsa/Front_Right.wav
sudo vi /etc/modprobe.d/sound.conf
For ION2
options snd-had-intel enable_msi=0 probe_mask=0xfff2
For other GPU
options snd-had-intel enable_msi=0 probe_mask=0xffff,0xfff2
sudo vi /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
# for jetway mini-top HDMI
blacklist vga16fb
blacklist nouveau
blacklist rivafb
blacklist nvidiafb
blacklist rivatv
Reference
- http://forum.xbmc.org/showthread.php?t=78722&page=9 #84
- http://ubuntuforums.org/archive/index.php/t-1552250.html
- http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1552250
- http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?p=10188661
-
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1619802&page=3
- setup webcam capture device for Skype, Kubuntu 10.10 (KDE 4.5)
- in skype, you must disable the option “Allow Skype to automatically adjust my mixer level”
- in “System settings/Multimedia/Phonon/Audio Capture”, you need to adjust the order of devices, to make USB device to show up in front of the default internal sound cards.
Backup
conf files ———–
/etc/rc.local
/etc/hosts
/etc/hosts.allow
/etc/hosts.deny
/etc/resolv.conf
/etc/exports (for NFS)
/etc/ssh/sshd_config
/etc/apache2 conf, sites and certificate
/etc/nginx
/etc/X11/xorg.conf
/usr/NX/etc/{node.cfg,server.cfg}
/etc/postgresql/x.y/main/p*.conf
Write down the wireless driver, video card driver version, sound card
KDE/Kubuntu
-
okular, annotations are saved as
~/.kde/share/apps/okular/docdata/.you can also export the while doc+annoations as “Document Archiv” -
config sleep/hibernate, my HP laptop can not resume after hibernate, I need to disable the hibernate option.
sudo vi /etc/default/acpi-support -
if Kubuntu losts network after hibernate/suspend, try this
sudo vi /var/lib/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.state NetworkingEnabled=false to true save and reboot -
if touchpad loses response, try this
synclient TouchpadOff=0
