Django generic views
Category: /knowledge /djangoTags: django
我个人觉得Django里的generic views和generic field是其最大亮点. 这两个特点很好地诠释了Django的原则–“make easy things easier, make hard things possible”. 在官方的Topic guide和Reference里有很好的解释, 还有一个migration的帮助文档.
在Tutorial part 4 部分有例子说明ListView和DetailView.
但关于create/update/delete views的文档说明却很少.
还有一个问题是我还不理解Class-based generic views比function-based generic views好在哪里.
这个slide解释了一些
Class-based views with Django
View more presentations from Simon Willison
在StackOverflow也有讨论, 总结一下就是单写一view/template不省时间和代码, 当给不同template传不同参数时, 通过subclass可以使代码更加清晰和短小.
Built-in views
django.views.generic.base.TemplateView
django.views.generic.base.RedirectView
django.views.generic.list.ListView
django.views.generic.detail.DetailView
django.views.generic.edit.CreateView
django.views.generic.edit.UpdateView
django.views.generic.edit.DeleteView
django.views.generic.dates.ArchiveIndexView
django.views.generic.dates.YearArchiveView
django.views.generic.dates.MonthArchiveView
django.views.generic.dates.WeekArchiveView
django.views.generic.dates.DayArchiveView
django.views.generic.dates.TodayArchiveView
django.views.generic.dates.DateDetailView
How to access parameters in URL
in urls.py,
(r'^categories/(\w+)/P<pk>/$', CategoryListView.as_view()),
then, in views.py, get the parameters such as
self.kwargs['pk'] and self.args[0]
for request.user
self.request.user
How to add decorator
in urls.py
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
from django.views.generic import TemplateView
urlpatterns = patterns('',
(r'^about/',login_required(TemplateView.as_view(template_name="secret.html"))),
)
in class view definition
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator
from django.views.generic import TemplateView
class ProtectedView(TemplateView):
template_name = 'secret.html'
@method_decorator(login_required)
def dispatch(self, *args, **kwargs):
return super(ProtectedView, self).dispatch(*args, **kwargs)
work on as_view(),
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
from django.utils.decorators import classonlymethod
from django.views.generic import TemplateView
class ProtectedView(TemplateView):
@classonlymethod
def as_view(cls, **initargs):
return login_required(super(ProtectedView, cls).as_view(**initargs))
also, try view_decorator(),
source code
How to add extra content
self.objectis the instance inDetailView.self.object_listis the instance inListView.- Use
self.kwargs['key_string']to get parameters in URL. -
To add extra contect to templates,
class SongDetailView(DetailView): model=Song def get_context_data(self, **kwargs): context = super(DetailView, self).get_context_data(**kwargs) context['tags'] = Tag.objects.get_for_object(self.object) return context
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